|
|
|
ELECTIVE SUBJECTS
HISTORY (851)
Aims:
1. To provide accurate
knowledge of the most significant events and personalities of
the period under study, in sequence and in context. 2. To
familiarize candidates with factual evidence upon which
explanations or judgements about the period must be founded.
3. To develop an understanding of the existence of problems
and relevance of evidence of explanations. 4. To develop the
capacity to marshal facts and evaluate evidence and to discuss
issues from a historical point of view. 5. To develop the
capacity to read historical views in the light of new evidence
or new interpretation of evidence. 6. To foster a sense of
historical continuity. 7. To encourage diminution of
ethnocentric prejudices and to develop a more international
approach to world history. 8. To develop the ability to
express views and arguments clearly using correct terminology
of the subject. 9. To familiarise candidates with various
types of historical evidence and to provide some awareness of
the problems involved in evaluating different kinds of source
materials.
CLASS XI
There will be one paper of
three hours duration of 100 marks divided into two parts. Part
I (20 marks) will consist of compulsory short answer questions
testing fundamental factual knowledge and understanding of the
entire syllabus. Part II (80 marks) will be divided into two
sections, Section A and Section B, each consisting of five
questions. Each question shall carry 16 marks.Candidates will
be required to attempt two questions from each Section and one
question from either Section A or Section B. A total of five
questions will be attempted from Part II. SECTIO A IDIA
HISTORY 1. The Rise and Growth of British Power (1740-1798) (i)
Indian States and Society in the 18th century: position and
interests of European trading companies in India. This should
be taught in context of the eighteenth century debate on
anarchy vs
dynamism and the process of
transformation of English East India Company from traders to
colonial masters. The break-up of the Mughal Empire (a general
account) and rise of the regional powers – basic outline of
the Marathas, Sikhs (excluding Ranjeet Singh), Bengal, Awadh,
Mysore, Hyderabad and the Carnatic. Foreign trading companies
: Portuguese and Dutch very briefly, the English and French
Companies in more detail (i.e. establishment and growth of
their settlements in India). (ii) The Anglo- rench struggle in
the South 1740-1763. The First, Second and Third Wars can be
taught briefly, in connection with each cause of British
success and French failure. (iii) Bengal: review of main
events from the accession of Siraj-ud-Daulah to the defeat of
the Indian powers at Buxar (1764); impact and significance of
Battles of Plassey and Buxar; political arrangement made by
Robert Clive. This should be done in some detail, emphasizing
the causes of the conflict (the conflict over the abuse of
trading privileges, the minting of money, etc). The
significance of the two major battles should be briefly
explained. Clive’s arrangements after the 28 Treaty of
Allahabad – the Grant of Diwani: the dual government and its
disastrous result on Bengal: the famine should be briefly
touched upon. (iv) Growth of British power under Warren
Hastings: Marathas, Mysore and Awadh. The Regulating Act
should be briefly explained as a background. Maratha, Mysore
and Awadh wars to be dealt with briefly. Only reasons behind
the conflict between Indian powers and the British powers and
the results to be covered. (v) Cornwallis and Mysore. Pitt’s
India Act and the policy of non-intervention should be briefly
explained. An outline of the war and the terms of the Treaty
of Seringapatam, its significance. 2. The Ascendancy of
British Power (1798-1818) Expansion under Lord Wellesley:
subsidiary alliances, wars, annexation of territories of
subordinated rulers; elimination ofFrench threat. Appraisal.
Background to Wellesley should be briefly explained: the
reasons for giving up the policy of non-intervention and the
revival of the French threat. The subsidiary alliances
should be done in some detail: the main terms of the alliance;
the results for the States which signed; a few examples of
States which did; the advantages for the British. Annexation
of territories of previously subordinated rulers – just the
names. The Second Maratha War – some mention of the background
and events of the Peshwa’s court leading to the Treaty of
Bassein - the events of the War and the results to be done
very briefly. The Mysore War to be done very briefly,
emphasizing the end of French threat. Short critical look at
Wellesley: was the aim of paramountcy achieved? 3.
Consolidation of British Power (1818-1857) (i) Punjab: Ranjeet
Singh; the causes, events and results of the Sikh Wars. Brief
outline of Ranjeet Singh’s career – the Treaty of Amritsar and
its significance; a brief account of the expansion of the Sikh
State under Ranjeet Singh and a very brief appraisal. Causes,
and results of the two Sikh Wars should be done in brief. (ii)
Dalhousie and the policy of annexation (1848-1856). Doctrine
of Lapse - annexation of Awadh; other annexations. Dalhousie
as administrator and social reformer – a critical appraisal.
The Doctrine of Lapse should be done in detail; some important
states annexed under its provisions. Other annexations need to
be mentioned only. The annexation of Awadh should be
done in more detail, particularly its results. A very brief
look at Dalhousie's viceroyalty - a critical look at the
policy of annexation and his administration. 4.
Economic, Social and Cultural Impact of British Rule (i)
Disruption of traditional economy: ruin of artisans and
craftsmen; impact of British revenue policy; stagnation
of agriculture; development of modern industries, poverty
and famines. Colonial Forest Policy - impact on local
communities. A general account of the disruptive impact of the
British rule on the rural and craft economy. Revenue policy:
the Permanent Settlement and Ryotwari Settlement should be
done in some detail, emphasizing the reasons behind them and
their results. The Forest Acts of 1860 and 1894 and their
impact to be studied critically. (ii) Development of the means
of transport and communication. Transportation: a brief look
at the development of the railways – other means can simply be
mentioned. (iii) Social, Cultural Policy: Impact of the new
thought in Europe on Indian administrators; humanitarian
measures – contribution of Lord William Bentinck and Rammohan
Roy; spread of modern education. Critical look at British
policy. The characteristics of the new thought
(rationalism, liberalism, humanism, utilitarianism) to be very
briefly explained as a background to change in British policy.
A short account of the main humanitarian measures, emphasizing
the role of reformers like Rammohan and Vidyasagar as well as
British administrators. Modern education: a very brief outline
of the events which led to the famous MI?UTE (sic) by
Macaulay and the reasons for the change in British policy,
Wood’s Despatch, etc. A critical analysis of the impact of
British policy. 29 5. The Uprisings against British Rule (i)
Early rebellions - pre 1857 revolts and civil
disturbances. A few examples may be given of the more
important rebellions like the Santhal rebellion, the
Wahabis and Farazis of which any one should be touched upon.
(ii) The uprising of 1857. The causes should be done in some
detail, to explain the actions of the participants in
the uprising and their social composition; outbreak at Meerut
and at a few other places - Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Central
India (Jhansi and Gwalior). There should be a detailed
discussion on the nature of the uprising with reference
to different approaches; short explanation of the causes of
its failure. The effect on British policy should be explained:
the Crown takeover and its implications: their efforts to
placate the Indians and the changes in British policy
should be briefly explained. 6. Social and Cultural Awakening
during the 19th
Century (i) Brahmo Samaj,
Prarthana Samaj, Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical
Society. The study of the Brahmo Samaj, the Arya Samaj and the
Ramakrishna Mission should be done in some detail,
emphasizing the contribution of the founders. Others to be
covered briefly. (ii) The Struggle against caste: Jyotiba
Phule, Narayana Guru, Veerasalingam. The struggle against
caste: brief outline of the contribution of Jyotiba Phule, ?arayana
Guru, Veerasalingam. (iii) Reform movements among the Muslims
(Syed Ahmad Khan), Sikhs.
Syed Ahmad Khan and the
Aligarh
Movement, the Reform Movement
among the
Sikhs to be touched upon.
7. The Dawn and rise of
Indian ationalism
(1885-1905)
(i) Factors promoting the
rise of Indian
Nationalism.
Each of the factors leading
to the rise of
nationalism should be
discussed in some
detail, particularly, the
impact of British rule
on different classes of
Indian society,
including the urban middle
class. Events
which quickened the growth of
nationalism
should also be briefly done:
the Viceroyalty
of Lord Lytton and the Ilbert
Bill Affair.
(ii) Beginning of political
agitation. Forerunners
of the Indian National
Congress at the
provincial level.
Provincial associations:
growth of political
associations from 1830
onwards – examples
from each Presidency, with
special emphasis
on the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
and the
Indian Association (the
Indian ?ational
Conference).
(iii) The foundation of the
Indian National
Congress: role of Hume and
official attitude
towards the Congress.
Hume’s role should be studied
critically,
specially his motives for
initiating the
Congress and why the
nationalists chose to
follow his lead. A general
look at the
changing attitude of the
British authorities
from initial
wariness/cautious support to
open hostility.
(iv) The programme and
achievements of the
early Nationalists
(Moderates).
The major demands of the
Congress can be
grouped under different
headings:
constitutional,
administrative, economic in
the context of the critique
of colonialism, etc.
A very brief and general idea
of the main
points of the Act of 1892.
There should be a
brief look at the methods
they used and why
they used these methods of
protest. Finally, a
short, critical appraisal of
their activities.
30
SECTIO B
ASPECTS OF WORLD HISTORY
8. The First World War
(1914-1918)
(i) Imperialism and
Colonialism. Underlying
causes of the War: aggressive
nationalism;
economic rivalry and
neo-imperialism;
formation of alliances;
armament race.
A brief introduction to
theories of
imperialism – Hobson, Lenin.
Causes of War
should be done in some
detail, explaining
how far each one of them
aggravated
international tensions.
(ii) Crisis leading to the
outbreak of the War.
An outline of the main events
from 1908 to
1914: the Moroccan crisis,
the annexation of
Bosnia-Herzegovina. The main
interests of
the big powers in the Balkans
should be
briefly touched upon,
particularly Russia and
Austria-Hungary, as well as
the growth of
Balkan nationalism and the
two Balkan
Wars; the assassination at
Sarajevo and how
it developed into a major
European War.
(iii) Course of the First
World War:
Consequences of trench
warfare on the
Western front with reference
to the battles of
Marne, Somme, Verdun. The
defeat of
Russia on the Eastern front
and its effect on
World War I. Reasons for
American entry
and contribution to Allied
victory. Factors
that contributed to the
defeat of the Central
Powers.
General outline of the events
which brought
USA into the War and a brief
account of its
contribution.
A brief explanation of the
various causes of
the defeat of the Central
Powers.
9. The Search for
International Order between
1919-1939
(i) Peace-making after the
First World War:
Treaty of Versailles; the
terms and German
objections; merits and
demerits of the
settlement.
Only the terms of the Treaty
of Versailles
should be studied in detail;
the other peace
treaties should only be
mentioned. Each of
the German objections should
be studied
critically. A very brief look
at the merits and
demerits of the settlement in
general.
(ii) The League of Nations:
structure,
weaknesses, successes,
failures and reasons
for the failure of the
League.
The structure of the main
organs of the
League and their functions
should be briefly
explained; brief examples of
some of the
successes in the 1920s.
Manchuria and
Abyssinia to be dealt with as
examples.
10. The Great Depression
(i) USA: The Great Boom and
the Great Crash
(1929) and the Depression;
Franklin
Roosevelt and the New Deal.
The causes of the business
boom of the 1920s
and the fragility of the
prosperity which led
to the Crash should be
studied in some detail.
A short account of the Wall
Street Crash and
its impact on the economy.
Hoover’s attempts
to deal with the crisis
should be dealt with to
show how FDR’s policies were
different.
The main measures of the ?ew
Deal
should be understood, along
with the aims;
a brief mention of the
conflict with the
Supreme Court. A critical
appraisal of the
?ew Deal.
(ii) Impact of the Great
Depression on other
countries – Britain, Italy,
Germany and
Japan.
Self-explanatory.
11. The development of
Communism: USSR and
China
(i) The Bolshevik Revolution
of 1917-main
events leading up to the
Revolution;
Lenin: problems facing the
Bolshevikssetting
up Socialist State. Stalin;
the
totalitarian state;
Collectivisation of
agriculture; Five Year Plans;
critical
appraisal of Stalin.
A very brief background:
Russia on the eve of
the Revolution (mention of
the Revolution of
1905 and its results). Impact
of the First
World War on Russia. 1917,
the year of
31
Revolutions: a short account
of the March
Revolution and its results;
explanation of why
the Provisional Government
fell from power
leading up to the ?ovember
Revolution.
Lenin: the main decrees of
the new
government, the victory in
the Civil War and
?EP: a brief account of each.
Stalin: a very short
explanation of his coming
to power. The main
motivations of his policy,
the implementation and
results of: the
collectivisation of
agriculture, the FYPs
(only first two should be
done) and the
purges. A short, critical
look at his
contribution.
(ii) China: From the Chinese
Republic of 1911 to
the era of Mao-TseTung . The
Revolution of
1911; the early republic and
period of
warlordism; May Fourth
Movement, KMT
and the Communists; causes of
Communist
victory.
Very brief background of
China in the early
20th
century; the events leading
to the
downfall of the monarchy;
just a mention of
Yuan Shi Kai and the period
of warlordism;
Shandong provisions of Treaty
of Versailles
and rise of Chinese Communist
Party
(CCP); role of Dr. Sun Yat
Sen - his alliance
with the Communists; the
breakdown of the
alliance under Chiang kai
Shek; outline of
events of the KMT - Communist
conflict, the
Communists and the Long March
to Yenan;
the reasons for the truce
against the
Japanese. An outline of the
post-war struggle
and the victory of the
Communists. The
causes of Communist victory
should be stated
and briefly explained.
(iii) Establishment of the
People's Republic in
1949; Mao Tse Tung; agrarian
and industrial
policy; political and
economic developments;
contribution of Mao.
A short background of the
problems facing
the Communists in 1949: in
agriculture,
the gradual process from land
distribution
to collective farms should be
outlined; in
industry, the Five Year Plan
and Soviet help.
The 100 Flowers Campaign
should be
covered in brief. The Great
Leap Forward
should be covered in more
detail,
particularly the development
of commune
and assessment of the GLF.
Finally, a brief
outline of the Cultural
Revolution and its
impact on China. Estimate of
Mao should be
short and to the point.
(iv) A brief comparison of
the two Communist
systems.
A brief introduction to the
theory of
revolution, workers and
peasants, strategy of
revolution – programme/agenda
for the
revolution.
12. Japan: restoration to
parliamentary
democracy
Industrialisation, agrarian
reforms, constitution of
1889, growth of political
parties and
parliamentary government.
Japanese foreign policy –
Korea and Manchuria.
Sino-Japanese War
(1894-1895), Anglo-Japanese
Alliance (1902),
Russo-Japanese War (1904-
1905) and occupation of Korea
(1910).
OTE: This is to be done as a
general survey.
Go back to
GUESS
PAPERS FOR India, Syllabus of Indian School, colleges and
Universities
ALL THE BEST
Team:
www.ysapak.com
info4fysisoft@yahoo.com
|
|
